From ancient herbalists to modern CEOs, women in cannabis have been central to the plant’s story. For centuries, women have cultivated, studied, and used cannabis as a healing tool. Today, they stand as innovators in a rapidly evolving industry, continuing a legacy of advocacy and resilience. Women have continuously fought against stigma and systemic barriers, pushing for cannabis legalization, equality, and growth. This blog dives into the inspiring contributions women have made to the cannabis industry, past and present.
Ancient Roots: Women as Cannabis Healers
Cannabis has long been used by cultures worldwide in the healing arts, and women have often been its caretakers. Ancient texts suggest women were among the first to use cannabis in medicine, assisting with childbirth, menstrual relief, and spiritual practices. For example, in ancient China, women healers valued cannabis for its medicinal properties. The plant was a trusted tool in herbalist practices and healing traditions led by women. As keepers of knowledge, they documented the therapeutic effects of cannabis, preserving valuable information that shaped how society viewed the plant.
During the Prohibition Era: The Fight Against Criminalization
The early 20th century saw a dramatic shift in public perception and policy toward cannabis. Anti-cannabis propaganda spread rapidly in the 1930s, fueled by fear-based campaigns and xenophobia. The passing of the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 effectively criminalized cannabis in the United States. As arrests mounted and cannabis was increasingly demonized, those in need of its therapeutic benefits were left without access.
Even during the height of prohibition, female activists and caregivers quietly resisted these laws, risking their safety to support those in need. Mary Rathbun, famously known as “Brownie Mary,” is a shining example. In the 1980s, Mary was a beloved figure in the San Francisco AIDS community, using cannabis brownies to help patients suffering from severe pain and nausea. Despite multiple arrests, she continued her work, determined to help the community. Her actions drew national attention and shifted public opinion, casting cannabis as a compassionate medicine rather than a criminal drug.
Likewise, Alice O’Leary-Randall, the widow of Robert Randall, who was the first person in the U.S. to legally receive medical cannabis for his glaucoma, played a crucial role. When Robert was arrested for cultivating cannabis, Alice joined him in the fight. Alice’s work became a foundation for future medical cannabis activism, demonstrating how women could challenge unjust laws even in a restrictive environment.
In a time when fear and misinformation dominated the narrative, these women dared to question the harsh penalties imposed by prohibition. They organized underground networks, provided compassionate care, and advocated for the health benefits of cannabis. Through their courage and persistence, they laid the groundwork for the medical cannabis movement that would emerge decades later, inspiring a new generation of advocates to stand up against prohibition and demand compassionate care for those in need.
Women in Cannabis Breaking New Ground: The 1990s and Cannabis Legalization
The 1990s marked a turning point as medical cannabis began to gain acceptance. Women played a key role in these reforms. In California, women like Lynette Shaw helped shape Proposition 215, the nation’s first medical cannabis law, passed in 1996. Women in cannabis organizations and advocacy groups took on policy discussions, lending a compassionate and health-centered perspective to the debate. Their efforts challenged stereotypes and laid the foundation for wider acceptance of cannabis as a legitimate treatment option.
The Role of Women in Modern Cannabis Activism
As legalization efforts gained momentum, so did the impact of women in cannabis. Activists, lawyers, and caregivers helped amplify the voices of marginalized communities harmed by cannabis criminalization. Women in cannabis organizations, such as the Women’s Alliance for Medical Marijuana (WAMM), spearheaded efforts to protect patients’ rights and expand access. Activists like Debby Goldsberry pushed for inclusivity, championing laws that benefited those impacted by the “War on Drugs.” With a focus on compassion and equality, Debby and other women in cannabis influenced the broader movement toward legalization.
Female Entrepreneurs: Changing the Face of Cannabis
Today, women in cannabis are reshaping the industry from within. Female entrepreneurs are establishing brands that prioritize wellness, social justice, and innovation. For example, Angel Industries, Makru Farms, and Meraki Gardens, all based in Oregon, are standout, women-owned companies dedicated to sustainable practices and high-quality products. These businesses highlight how women in cannabis are creating purpose-driven brands that focus on wellness, transparency, and community impact.
Social Equity and Women-Led Initiatives
The cannabis industry has faced criticism for a lack of diversity and equity. However, women in the industry are increasingly driving social equity initiatives. Through programs that support women and minority-owned businesses, women-led organizations are promoting inclusivity. Leaders like Shaleen Title, co-founder of the Parabola Center, advocate for policy changes that prioritize social equity and restorative justice. Her efforts highlight how women in cannabis work to create an industry that gives back to communities harmed by past cannabis policies.
Advocating for Women’s Health in Cannabis Research
Another significant focus for women in cannabis has been the push for research on cannabis and women’s health. Female researchers and activists are filling in the gaps left by years of cannabis prohibition, which limited research on the plant. Additionally, advocates are calling for studies on how cannabis affects conditions like endometriosis, menopause, and PMS. Women’s health issues have often been overlooked in medical research, but activists and researchers are determined to ensure these topics receive attention. As a result, leaders in the field are advancing studies that will shed light on cannabis’s potential to improve women’s health and wellbeing.
Challenges for Women in Cannabis Today
Despite progress, women in the cannabis industry still face unique challenges. For example, female entrepreneurs often struggle to access capital, and representation at the executive level remains low. However, organizations such as Women Grow are working to change this by empowering women with networking opportunities, mentorship, and business resources. These groups foster support and resilience, helping women in cannabis navigate the competitive landscape. Women continue to advocate for fairer representation and recognition in an industry they helped build.
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